BIOGAS PRODUCTION BY
FERMENTATION OF ORGANIC MATTERS



Definitions:



BIOGAS:Mixture of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by micro-organisms (methanogenic archea) in absence of air.
MCV (Minimum Calorific Value) 21 500 kJ/m3 flame velocity 25,4 cm/sec, autoignites around 600 C 1m3 containing 70% methane CH4 = 0,75 l fuel, 0,25 m3 propane; 0,2 m3 butane; 0,85 kg coal.
FERMENTATION:Process by which organic matter is transformed by micro-organisms into endproducts.


ORGANIC MATTER
waste, manure, substrate
-->
joint activities of several microorganism
= METHANOGENESIS -->
BIOGAS =
CH4 + CO2

+ water + compost


ORGANIC MATTER: Consisting of compounds, always containing Carbon atoms usually in chain.

PRODUCTION of
BIOGAS:
Through a (technological) processing from organic matter (100%) a non toxic energy potential BIOGAS (Methane CH4 (50%-80%), Carbondioxid CO2 (15%-45%) and treated water and compost (5%) and minor constituents are produced.

COMPOST: Organic matter after microbial decomposition, composed of slow degradable matter (fibres) and mineral fertilizing matter.


REQUIRED TECHNICAL CONDITIONS:

temperature: mesophilic zone (30-35 Celsius) or thermophilic zone (50-60 Celsius)

physical: anaerobic condition; Redox potential below 250mV; pH: 6,8-8

nutrient bal.: carbon from organic matter;
nitrogen from organic or external matter (optimum rate16C/1N)
phosphorus from organic or external matter (optimum rate16C/1P)

micro nutr.: trace inorganic elements like: molybdenium, iron, nickel, cobalt, selenium)
Heavy metal toxicity is avoided by little H2S


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